-■~ai •—u A $he (jjlariiie Record. A Journal dovotod to Commerce, Navigation and Bciiaico, Published: Weekly nv ' * ALANSOK WILCOX, Editor A Proprietor, 4H CLEVELAND, OHIO. ' Offloj JUo.S,Bonth Water Street. , TEHNSl 9200 per Annum. aOEHTS ABE WANTED IN EVEBY POET. objectionable. Tho only hope wo can sco lor curing, the ovlln respiting frutii llieao fro. qucnt strikes lies In tho education of our working classes: Not merely an education tltiit Wjjl put on the polish o) bookB and so¬ ciety; but an education that will teach tho people to think, reason, rotleot,' ocsmomlzo and look beyond a mere living for show and pleasure, bo called. Tho great i-cpd ol our country Is a olaas of citizens who are capa¬ ble of looking beyond the limits of their own lives or thelrown town.. Such'nien i;s these seldom nei'd to engage in strikes, Capital., needs them and Is willing to pay them ie- meliorative prices for their labor. A ADVEIlTIfiINO BATES. 'Ton ccnU per lino'wild NtJnpariol raoaauromont. Twelve llnoa of Konpuriol not solid mako one Inch. Twenty cents per" lino, (or rwuiljig notlcca|"aoJid minion mens tiro in ant. Articles, letters unii qnorfcj on all subjocta aro solid- ted. •WTho lull tor nimunca no responsibility (or tho opinions or correspondenta, ToliiBiironotlco, contributors muBt givo nnmo and address, and write on otio sldo of tho paper only. THE MARINi; RECORD has an -Agont Id every port on tho Ltikcs and III vers, and will consequently circu¬ late more or leas In all of thorn. Aaa morilum for advertising it bus no superior, as it clfculntoa among a class of people that can bo reached In no otlftr way™ STRIKES. There seems to be a better prospect for an ' amicable settlement of the dill'erences be¬ tween operatois and employes in the coal and iron Interests, The lake traffic had al¬ ready begun to fi el ti.eellects o! these dis¬ turbances, and we arc glad toarnounuea prospect for more settled freights. Theso periodical strikes have grown to be one ot the grcate«t drawbacks to whiuliour Amer¬ ican business interests are subject. No bus¬ iness man, no manufacturer, no carrier or capitalist can place any dependence upon the stability of bis business. Strikes are in¬ augurated for tile slightest causes, kept up and sustained with ji determination and ob< stlnacy worthy of a better cause. Medial.Ics and laborers seem to forget that in the long run the capitalists are sure to come out ahead.. They seem to learn lit-1 and hose. .• BALLAST. Ballast is an Important Item In railway construction. ., It Is packed between the sleepers to glye them solidity, aud'no railway. Is complete or sufo for transit until it is dressed or finished by ballasting. The" rate at which it Is procured considerably affects the cost of construction, Gravel, pounded stone, and furnace cinders ore used for this purpose. A ship must have sufficient substance on board to give her a hold of the water to In¬ sure her 'safe sailing with spread .canvas. When her cargo and equipments are too light ballast Is used to load her down. Tho amount icqulred depends on tire cargo and the build of the vessel, The skilful maiiner not only lias to consider the quality biil'itlso the distribution of the ballast. When a heavy mass Is placed Ip a smilll compass hear tho keel It places the center of gravity very low dowq, in which case the ship sails 8lugglRlilv and is said to be "still'." If "placed too high up the ship becomes "crank" and much sail cannot be carried without danger of upsetting. l Iron, stone, grave), suiid„uiud and water are chlclly used fur ballast. In ships of im¬ portance Iron is superseding other varieties, but In the collier ships of England water ballast is introduced. It is employed In four ways. Bugwater ballast Is contained In wa¬ ter proof bags laid on flic floor of the vessel and filled or emptied by means of a pump Bottom water ballaBt Is confined tie by experience but trust blindly to a few leaders who manipulate labor unions and so¬ cieties fop the furtherance of thejr own sol- fish ends. Willie labor unions and peptect- ive organizations are good in their place and for Che furtherance of legitimate objects, at the smno time when the leaders of these so¬ cieties so manage them as to act the dog In the manger, neither work themselves nor allow those who are willing to work to do so, they aic working, not onl\ against the Interests of themselves, but their fellow em¬ ployees, and society in general. As a gen¬ eral rule those workmen who are most for¬ ward to stir up strikes are those who, no matter how large w.,gcs they get never have it dollar' when the end ol the month comes around. Others who are willing and eve anxious to work allow themselves to be drawn o;i by such Inen, and these arc the ones who feel the worst ed'ects ol nlL stijkes, They daie'uot work until driven byd/foper- ation and hunger theyNbreak (my>y Irom their leaders,'and suddcr irSiqCTwlsor f.om their oxperleuct', go to work lit the old wages. That there are exceptions to lids we are woll aware. Strikes are sometimes successful, sometimes necessary and right, when kept wltl 111 their pioper sphere, we would not bave our readers to understand . that wo would advocate giving capitalists' their own wages, not by ally means. Sup. ply and UuniuniLinust regulate and control •the price of hibor\ as well as the price ot wheat aneUior-n.. Any artificial Increase of this price, like speculation In grain or other produce, is sure to bring Its reaction. And whore, we n»k, is tills reaction most likely to - fall? Certainly upon those who have the least capital to fall baoly upon, In this case the workmen themselves. And hqw shall We prevent this growing evilf* Shall we fly to the legislature as Is the custom now-n- days with all social problems? Perhaps, lii respeet to those who maliciously stir up these outrages tills might be beneficial, hut, aside from this, it would be worse than use- lets' Laws upon the statute book In this opuutry which are enforced In some case of now. And >~add to the •evil* already existing. There can be no laws waited upon this subject but what would be beneath a false bottom in tho vessel. Tank wator ballast Is contained in two fore and all tanks, which can easily be filled and emptied, and hold water lu'dliut is contained In a largo receptacle which is used for the cargo when the ship Is not in ballast. Dr, Charles II. Fowler refers to this cus loin In the followldg racy extract: "The gates are up and the sea comes Into the dry- dock. Hp rises the great ship and diallers with the waves lmputient ttf try her strength and fortune. Everything seetirs complete*. Masts and yards? and spars, and cords and pulllcs, and sails are according lo the pin terns seen In the mount ol experience. Tm\comnass scents the pole, and the chart aw'ahVlulorrogalion. A sturdy crew is on bourU/a*NJJJftriiye captain stands on deck. The jseiWard breeze lifts out tho loosened [sail, and adorns the sky with the flag of freedom. Why does not the goodly craft-go Jorth to bur mighty achievements? I will tell yo.i. The captain Is perfecting ilml ad¬ justing the ballast. The weight In being packed and distributed.- It may be Iron, or side poik, or sand, but it.ls ballast. ,A man making leady to embark on some Important [voyage In Hie feels the sea as It reaches Its loving arms in lo embrace blm even in dry- douk. Ills Impulses are. to float out on tho first wave, and set sail for the port. But Ahy bold him back tor an hourr\l will (ell you. 1 wish, If possible, to pack and'dis¬ tribute his ballast. You may think it Iron, or sldepork, or sand, but It is ballast. .And ballast Ib as necessary to men as lo ships. aro gkllurlos dovotod tn muoliliiory for-olco- trlo lighting, a Ash mrrrkot; nrtlsh dlnlngroom find a flail aqnarjum. In- the gardens are ponds stbclccd witli llsh-eatlng birds, and tho gigantic Bkeloton of a whale belonging to tiro Marqnln of Exeter. Among tho historical relics are Grace Darling's.linnt, nnd the boat of the Etra In wliloh Mr. Leigh Smith re¬ treated to Nova Zembla from Franz Joseph; land. » \ In tho United States- department, which occupies 12,000 feet, and fully bears out tire terms ..of .Llie lati notions to tho Commis¬ sioner of. Fisheries that It Should bo a com¬ plete and srsllmallc 'representation" of (he fisheries of the United States, the most note- worthy, features are the life-saving ap¬ paratus, boaj models, machinery and ap¬ paratus for fish clltmre, and glganllo specl- mons.oi octopus and squid. Among other popular features of tho United Statcs'scctlon aro a full-sized and, completely equipped w'hale boat, processes of preparing and curing fish, models.of fish, a splendid collec¬ tion of sponges, corals and fishing imple¬ ments of all races, and a line collection or photographs and crayons lllustrat|rig..ino- J thods ot fishing and the llsnermun's life, two wonderful life-HUc figures of liarpootiers, one. in the boat, the other at {fie end ol the bowsprit poising bis weapon for a.stroke. These form an effective entrance to 'the court. By universal consent, to the Chinese sec- tloutnust be,.awarded the palm ot merit for completeness and beauty uf decoration. Alt and beauty arc combined with lire fishing Industries with most charming Illness and' qualiilncss. Real Chinamen in-natural litllrc cup the climax of success of the- Celestial Empire In the exhibition. The grounds are exquisitely furnished, and ire lighted by electricity. A pavilion has been erected for the use of members of tlje rpyul futully whenever they visit the show. On Monday the exhibition will bo thrown open to tho general public at 'the entrance fee of a shilling. It is safe to predict that It will be the leature of the London season: and, In the words ot Die Pilnce of Wnlei speech, wlltflnstruct the practical fishermen so that they will acquaint themselves v iih the latest iniprovcnieiites in their craft in all parts of the world, ami mankind iu general how to cter've the fullest possible advantage from [lie bounty ol the waters." At a banquet In Fishmongers Hail., given in honor of the lniernatloi.al Fisheries Ex¬ hibition, the Prince of Wales said tliecou^ trlbutlons of llie Untied States- to the exhi¬ bition were especially deserving of credit. Mr.. Lowell, In replying to the toast of "The Foreign Representatives," thanked tlie Duke of Edinburgh tor the kindness with which lie had proposed the toast, and said the kindness which he had met with In Eng¬ land convinced him that be represented the elder daughter ol England, rather than a foreign country. personal spite are too coohnouiio' to Inoreate their number la buttoai INTERNATIONAL FISHERY EXHIBI¬ TION. . This great exhibition is now In successful operation, at London. It was luauglniited by the Frlnco ol Wales on behalf of the Queen: The cablegram to the Hamilton Times says: It would be useless in the com¬ pass of a cable letter to attempt to describe oven briefly the contents of the extraordinary exiiibiton, which covers twcntv-tlrree acres and the (jfllelal catalogue' which consists of nearly'slx hundred pages. The countries which occupy the largest area nest to Great Britain and the colonies aro the Uuitedij Statos, Sweden, Norway, Belgium and the Netherlands. Besides the- national courts V' , CAPACITY FOR SLEEP. Public.men, subjected to severe mental strain by exhausting duties, learn to sleep anywhere and at any time. Nnpolcaii once slept for an hour in the middle of a buttle, with the roar of artillery about blm. Broug¬ ham 'slept for iwenty-four hours at the close of au exciting week in the court room. ^ A story told of William Pill, when Prime Minister of England, 'exhibits this faell- A mutiny had broken qut on a ship of war, and the mutineers half imprisoned Admiral Colpolce, and tlTreatnod him with death unless their grievances were redressed. It was (cured that the example would be¬ come general. Several members ol the Cabinet, led by Lord Windham, went in dismay'to"'Pitt's house for counsel. He was asleep, but they forced their way to his chamber' and roused him. ' ' • The great statesman sat .up in bed hoard their exulting story, and wjote calmly: "If Admiral Colpqtco is nut given up fire upon tho ship Irom the batt,erlos-untll she is destroyed." f ■ Ho tliuri lay down on his pillow, and. was snoring before lilt surprised colleagues had left the room. TWey could not understand how sleep was possible In.suoh an emerg¬ ency. MARINE DIVERS.' In the Unltott Statos there arc only about fifty marlno d'lvors.' A portion of theso are regularly enlisted hi the Government navil service.' They are'connected with tho naval stations and go down ohlefly (o examine tho hulls of vossols, but also, to, plant torpedoeB and other modern Implements ot war. Llylng-iiiidor the.wafer Is' not dangerous from lack of olrf bnf from a oollapso of {lie diving apparatus. This apparatus U de¬ scribed by Houry H. Ballard, of New Or¬ leans, In a recent Cincinnati Enquirer, ' Diving bullsaro not used now. They have gone Completely out of date. J'hey onlv dr.i, nblod the workmen to work, within the lint- - its of the bell; whereas, as the suits are now made, one can go all around unit over a' wreck.' 'Flicso aultrconsist, first, of atop- per shoir^ibout three-slxteenlliB of an Inch in tlilcknifss, made in as nearly a globular term as possible. This is. provided with dead-eyes, or glasses, to enable the di-ver to see, and fits into llie shoulder by means ol )i yoke. The shell lias a "strong ring-bolt ip the top and below, which has securely fast¬ ened to It u rubber suit, Including shirt, pants, and stockings. The 'sleeves of the jackot are gathered around the wrist and firmly tied. Coarse leather slides ale worn, on tho soles ol which arc fastened huge plates of lead, while a series of pockets in the jacket are at ranged also to hold leaden weights. The shoes • weigh' olghtecn or twenty pounds. Sometimes I caroled a« mucluis_12S pounds of leatl about me, and {TvJlren In llie water so great Is tho buoyancy tlmt you do not'feel this weight. The air should escape as soon as It is pumped into the shell, though some divers shut it oil', and If the suit becomes full then they shoal to the top like a shot from a cannon, and are in danger of striking the barge and crack¬ ing the shell, in which case death would en¬ sue at once. 1 saw an Englishman who had formerly been connected with the British navy try this to his penil. I noticed him coining up one day a few feet from the barge, Lirrr&fiiis body shot up three leet out of the- water. ^sald, 'My friend, that's dringei- qiw.' die made some Insolent reply, and wanted to know what I knew about diving, I answered that I TJnjj}^ that some day he would come up nucctoo often In that kind ' ol a manner, and walked off. It was.uot ton days before myJbollBli leniark provetl true, tbtUrc came up against the barge and split His skull, and sank to rise no more. Tlie only scare I ever had with a llsh was when I first went down oft'the South Amer¬ ican coast. I had a great big crowbar in my hand, which, perhaps, fell about u foot or eighteen inches below my feet. Just beneath lip: lay a lingo enltle-tish fust asleep. Of course I did not see him, and tlie crowbar went clear through him. The cuttlc-llsli bus a peculiar mode ol attack. He discharges a black humor, which makes llie water look like ink. The first tiling I knew it was ho black all around me I could not see my hand before my luce. I could not Imagine what had 'broken loose, and I signaled to pull me up. The unlives all laughed, and told llie it was only a cuttle-fish. Not after the euule-llsli was worked ashore, an there was my crowbar gone clear through \[m. ' • ' A GOOD BOAT. There Is now plying between Pittsburgh and Charleston, on the ICnnawha river, the steamer W. N. Chancellor, Captain E. P. Chancellor, commanding, the laslest boat for her powor on Western rivers. She Is 17U" feet long and 33 feet beam, with eylludeis l'J)u inches in diameter ami four feet stroke, supplied with steam from.' two boilers -IU ' Inches In diameter, 2i feet long with five nine Inch flues. She makes eight miles an hour against the Ohio current under lawful steam. When in the Clnclnnatr and Pitts¬ burg trade she made .weekly trips attending 'to ail buslnesrimd uiisworlng all calls.- Hi* wheel is WJ4 feet In dluuieter/wllh 25 feet buckets, 3!) Inches wide,there being 18 anus to a flange. She handles qnlckly and easily, and In her present tiade only consumes $30 and $40 worth of fuel per week, She Is a neat, pretty and commodious passenger Btcanibr and Is making many friends In Her nW trade. Captain. E. P. Chancellor, her owner and .oprwmuislor, and Mr. Ira B. Huntington, clller clerk, aro two worthy gentlemen, popular everywhere with the frubllo, as are also her minor officers'. Silo eaves Pittsburg Tuesdays and Charleston' Mondays.—MariM Journal.