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KINGSTON VOL 1 J RONICLE. FRIDAY, (AFTERXooy) DECEMBNR H, 1819. [No. 51 * ■ ■* ' . ■-■^■-j.' T. TOiMKINS & Co. Baohbimltrs, Stat toners, tsc. KESPECTFULLT inform the inhab¬ itant* of Kingston, and its vieini- itv, that they have commenced the above Business near the Government House ; and they hope, by strict attention and moderate charges, to n"h*rt with support. Rooms Papered*) PorLt Bonks made io pattern's Account Books Hided and made to any $fze or pttlici ti* Kingston,, November 30, 1SI9. 49-4 Executive Councu^ Ojjkt% Tori, i jth Novembers \ S1g. WHEREAS the prefenr LEASE of the Perry from toe Town of Kingflon to Point Frederick will expire on the 24th day of June next—NOTICE is hereby given, by Qrcfer of His Excel - lerjcy the Lieutenant Governor ttt Coun¬ cil, That fralcd Propofals for a new Leafe to be given tn the higheft bidder will be received at tins Office until the 10th of June, ;Sco. 49 JOHN SMALL, c. k. r. LABKB-* McDONELL Opposite fhc Market, tCtng Sfra t. KSPKCTFULLY inform (heir friends and (he public, that ihey have received part of their fa!! Goods, among wuicu AKi:, Ladles Pelisse Cloths, most fashionable colors ; West of England superfine Blue? and Clark Cloth : Grn, Blue, Bfosfe. Bro\rn,Oi;ve, and Drab Cloth:-, nndCV- simeres : Red, White, Greets IJluc, and Yellow ricmu'ts ; Rose Llank't? : Won- ted Shftts and Drawers ; Marseille-. QuilfS nud Counterpanes, Chintz Furni¬ ture with lining, Fringe and Binding to match ; Scarlet and BJoe iMoreen ; Sfar* let, Waterloo, Blue, Salmon.Sage Drab. Fawn, and Peach colored Casstmeie Shawls ; Merino and Can for) Crap* S'.riw Is ; SiilvShawlsaiul Handkerchief* : Fl'agi Bandannas, Satin.c. Silks, Lotl£ Law a, Jaekonefte, and Mull Muslin : Corded Cambric & Book Muslin Dresses: ljnr)kMnsiiuTrimir.iu^-.:Cnmbrie>:rrfenos; Stripe Cotton: Red & Blue Derryms; Stri¬ ped Cambric Ginghams, Vcstings,Bnmba- zcens and Bombazctres, Tartan Plaid. Turkey Stripe, Brown Holland, Irisli Linens. Cotton Shirting, White Cflttoilj Diaper and Diaper Table Cloths, Green and Blue Table Covers* Dimity Furni¬ ture ; Hearth RttgS, Brus.vlia l!u^ : Scotch Shirting, Black Silk Veils, Re«l Treble Gilt Coat Buttons, &c. &e. Rib¬ bons, Tapes, Threads, Cotton Balls,So\v- ing Silk and Twist, Lady*s White jhkI Black Silk Stocking, Slate colored and Black Worsted Hose, Boys & Girls, do. do. Men's Lamb's Wool half linse, do. Worsted do. Ladies' slate colored black and white Silk Gloves, Men's lined Bea¬ rer and Kid do. Men's lined Beaver and Buck Skin Gloves. JLSO, A grept variety of other articles, too numerous (o mention. The whole com- er of a bond that was in my own >rthe purchafe made of it in i 8e 6, New Goods. THOMAS ASKE W, HAS juft received his Winter aiTurt- ment of fafhionabie Dry Goods, opened for falcat Mrs. Finkle's honfe, and at the lowed poffible rate for Cafii—a- mongft which are 3, M and 4 point Blanket, 9, ID and ll -4 Rose dp. Superfine Cloths & Cassimeres, Pelisse Cloths, Hosiery, I-Jaberdaslicry, i&C. Kingston. 25th Nov. 1819. +3 fTRHE fubferiber feels it his duty, from JL the villainous treatment he has receiv¬ ed, to guard the public againft any impo- fiiinn 00 the part of Mr. Soh-mon Johns, by his offering to fell any part of half an acre lor, vith buddings thereon* in the vil¬ lage of Erneft Town, bounded on the cad j by the Farmer's Store, and on the weft by the property of the heirs of the late John Davy, as any title to the »u;d property held by him, was fraudulently obtained by a furrend name for tlie pu when Johns wa* at low wages, and 2$ can be made appear evidently by v.irions proof taken at r he time of the examination of his tranfa&ions in iSfZ- had no fhadow of a claim. PETEK GK \NT. The oerfon who rs dated to hold a Gond for a Deed for half the above pnjckv from Johns, was acquainted with my J»fl pretenfion in the (lift inllance, but any thing to anfvver the purpofe. P- O. ^ NOTICE. ALL thofe who are indebted to Mr. John Whitelaw, late of Kingflon, arc rcquefted to make immediate p?ymen: to the fnbferiber, who is duly authttfiTcd to rLceive the fame. .A. PRIN'GLE. Kingston* zCt/j Atgv. 1819. 48 Uie 15th December nexr, the accounts will be put into the hands of an attorney for colleflion. ,/\. j\ Anchors $? Cables. WILLIAM BUDDEN, WXTXL& "eccivc by the cailieil fpring ▼ v vcflcls, and keep cnnRatitly on hand at Quebec, an afTortmcnt t>{ Patent proved Chain Cables of all sizes, prises a eomph tc assortment of ])r\ Goods, w hith tlujy will sell very low for Ca-h. Klifgs/m* Nov. IS///, 1S19. 47 Notice. THE fubferiber has just received a quantity of Double and Single Stove?, of vai ions fizes and of new and elegant patterns, which he offers for faleat Montre¬ al price and charges for cafh. He has alfo receive-!, in addition to hh farmer Orrv-.lv leveral t -us ot Bffgikh and Bpcdes Iron as¬ sorted mcel ; Hoop and Round ditto* Kivt Hods, Grimk$ants9 Anvils and Vices, Double, and Single Sheet Iron ; Trace and Log Chaum ; JVro'l and Cut Naifs (allvhcs; ^milks' BeMows, Hollow Wave, (of aV deneriprions ;) • Cut, Pit, and Mill Saics, Carriers and Lintseed Oil; H'agonaud Cart Boxes ; Iron and Brass IFire ; A good aflbtiment of Saddlery, Stamped, and Cast Brafs Cabinet Furniture, with an excenfn-e afTortrnent of Shelf Goods confisting of mo-: r-rti'ck-s in the Hard Ware line—too noiueroua to mention. JOHN WATKINS. N. B. Flour for falc. Kingston, November 16th, i S19. miH . A REWARD OF fm Hundred and Fifty Pounds WILL be paid by tlie subscriber, to any perfon who mail discover and ?.'ve fuch information as will convia the perfon or pcrl'ons who, on or about the 29th or 301I1 of June laft, ft0]e from Uwrg« Ridout, Esq. at Walker's Hotel; a rated, containing Montreal Bank Bills «>l fine dollars ench, to the amount of two limwlana pnunds. By oh.-Puoi, of the TXxt&u* of the auiDrrfici Bank. THOMASMARKLAND, ■ ANCHORS (}o. Well worthy the attention of thofe enra¬ ged in the Lake and River navigation. Quebec, ift April, i8iq. I.j.lf ALEXANDER HOPE, Laic Farrier in t1te2tl (Queen's) IJght ffragwna, EGS Ua»e to taibrm the inhabitants of Kingiton, ^ud «s vicinity, that he has rented the (hop of Mr. James Meagh¬ er, near the Market Mace, where he in¬ tends carrying on th* lilack-imtliin«; Bmf&CMfc In dl its 1 VTtom branches ; And he flutters hirn^lf, from the long ex¬ perience he has hzc m the above line, to £ive fattafaSion to -dl wfeo may plen'e to favour hint with t!-rir cutfom, and on as reafonable terms as »t any other fhop in the place. Kingston^ 2d Den- x ? 19. 49 t\y *6t£i *j»qmA«Q \)i 'uo^Surj •t^-3.- . dewpjpj !l?^3MlP!lP hW^JOUO 10 AJ •pnurib v. yiMisci—uoje.-ij y[i 01 pajdepe 6Sp0OQ A*.J(| Ef ■•■:^-i zr.:\ atj jet] j ajjqnd .it;: "»" Mwejw Mwiysp* mihw) ar-iuli 'saooo MSii JS~OTJ.CE, , -nr^IE fubferiber has now, and will con- JL t-tau-c to have, at liia Brewery, a fup- | p.) of Rich flavored Ale. Hk? preterit price i* one fhiding per gal- on, lor immediate payment. The admi- reii dfexira Itroog bodied Ale are refpc6t- iuliy intormed that *s fa0ii ag pofiibie he wiil provice a dock thai will satiny the molt fafttdious critic, lie thinks it will not be amifsto remind the Fatmera (who Wiethe m^isuftJic pco pic) ihv.t il they wi»h their grain to com¬ mand Cafh, they rmii| ai f.umJy make malt Liquot 1 heir co;n:m r, lxcMtrngti9 anJ thus i. j.ro •: r.'.e C '.c: Un ciitw^ra inncad i>r 1 the Wt'.i Iridi*ii Diitillera. h is ol ieri- »)tr'. confe.,';.!^;-, both to tbcmlclves and to the whole C-MOtry, that they (hould im¬ mediately adopt i\j pnukworthy a iclolu tion. Orders fent to t!:e IJrewery, or left with Mr. Jotui I'.us t!l, ai ;>mith Bartlet, hJtj's will meet with due attention* i HOMAS DAL10N. Kingston Dre<ucry% Oct, 26, 1819. N. Ji. Gr^Uiti Ml ail times for l.ile, 7 jd per bulht). 44 From BakezvelPs Geology. Notice, FTTlHE lafc partnership of Robert Grit- Si hom & Co. having diwdird i'-fh this day by the death of Rod eric h Mao kay Ksq.the bus>iness in fiiturr- v. Ill h,> carried on by the Subscriber, to whom nil persons, who are indebted to the above linn, will please pav theiraccotm;s with* out delay,and those who may have claims ngainst that concern will please present them for adjustment. 29 aOBEUT GRAHAM, Toint Frederick, 21stSep^ IS!S3- To Clothiers. Porsale, a quantitv <>f HM2SS PAPERS* Tho. S. Wbf(akcr& Co. dugust 19, 1^19. 34 War Sale at tfm Office, A FEW copies of a SERMOX, ZjL preached al Quebec, on (h/ ! 2th of September, after fbe draflj rf Mi< Grace the DtrivKor iticiiMOvo, !>y tite Reverend (I. J. Mountain. A- Ij B;-Iioj/s Official in Lower Canada, and Rector of Quebec. .] j For $tds at thv, t'J/ire, the Montreal Almanac ALEXANDER ASIILR, Merchant Taylor, AS received from Montreal a moll choice ;;i'd excellent ah'ortment of the belt Well of England fuperfine t toi/ts and Cassinreres, with Trimmings and every >" thing com- plet-e. A. AsHER informs !tis friends and tin public that he tfl now working up thefe Lloths, Sec. at I.is old (land, where orders will be thankfully received, and executed on the (horteft notice, and on the lowed terms, foi Caflr. or fhort approved credit. Kingfton, Sept. 10, 1819. 37* F rfpURliE FAitMs FOR SALE : 1 .for 1820. hU&ten, t$th l\o-j. j819. Agent. 47 IS GEORGE: SCOUGAL. Late Master Smith in the Enosi- veer Dr-parimentj EGS leave to inform his friends and the public in general, tha^ he has commenced bufinefs next door below Mr. George DoU£lakV Store Street; where every article in h;« line may be had ou the moft. reafonable term11, and on the (hoitell notice. The following rates of charges arc fubmitted. Horse Shoeing* all round 6/8 — — removes, 2/5 and all other work in proportion. Kingston, dpril 5//;, I 8 1 9. • 15 m TO LET, A COMMODIOUS HOUSE/ near Dodlor Keating*5, two stories high, with seven rooms'a Kitchen, and a Cellar under the whole, a prond yard and stable ; also a very good Spring near the house.— For further particulars apply to }AMBS ROBINS. Kingston^ tyh juzc% 1 ? j 9. 2^ or if not fold to be rented for tht en fubg year; viz. (me at the Prefque Lie Harbor, one at Waterloo, ai.d the Pick.t Farm, (fo called.)—A contraft alfo will hi ^!v:>p for iuii:.:nr .t **<* CWS^r'm*#*\ y. WHITNEY. K!ng*jon% \Qb Jun,$ 1X19. 25tf J F, aSPIIiSBURY, f [Late Surgtan of ti J/..V. Prtncc Re-. £.!/:?, n;i hills Oulurio, i Intend- practising in the various;. luauthesof his Prof moii, ar ins res-v idenc»», next doorto John McLean,v Jvt!.Sh«Mijr. I Khtgslmi\ Oct. Gth, LSI9. 41 : NOTICE. A LL perfons indebted to tlie late Co- a- pa: -/:S_ partnefiiip of Richard Robhon and Daviil Secordy ate requested to make im¬ mediate payment to the furviving partner, David Secord. and thofe to whom the faidd cent ?reat*ernption of 1798 the crater re- Copartnerfttp may be indebted, aic le- | mained inactive, nor did its bottom fall in. EARTHQUAKES &• IVLCJNOES. Continued. Volcanoes an- pennings made in the earth's fur face by interna! fires ; they icgularly, or at intervals, throw out fmoke, vapour, flame, large (lones. fand, and mched ftoue called lava. Some volcanoes throw out torrents of mud and boiling water. Volcanoes moft frequently exift in the vicinity of the fea or large lake?, and alio break out from u' fathom¬ able depths below the furface, and form ntw iflands and reefs of rock. When a volcano breaks out in a new fituatfon, it is piecided by violent earthquakes, the heated fuiface of the ground frequettly fwells and heaves up, until a fiffure or rent is formed, fomctimea of vaft extent. Through this opening, mafles of rock with flame, fmokc and lava are thrown out, and choke up part of tlie paflfage, and confine the eruption to one or more apertures, round which conical hills or mountains are formed. The concavity in the centre is called the cratei. The indications of an apptoaching eruption from a dormant volcano are an increafe of frnoke from the fummit. which fomctime* nfeg to a vaft height, branch- ing in the form of 3 pine tree. Tremendous exploHons, like the firing of artillery com¬ mence after the increafe or frnoke, and are fucceeded by red coloured flames and fhowcrs of Hones. At length the lava flows out from the top of the crater, or breaks through the fides of the mountain, and covers the neighboring plains with melted matter, which becoming con folidatedj forms a ftony mafs often not lefs than fome hundred fquare miles in extent, and feveral yaids in thicknefs. The eruption of lava has been known to con ttnuc feveral months. Intenfely black clouds empofed of a kind of dark-colr-urcd fand or powder, improperly called afhes. aie thrown out of the crater after the lava ceafes to il w, and fbmetiuies invo've the furrounding ci uniry in total darknefs at noon-day Towards the concltfion the colour of the volcanic fau<;l obiu^:-* to u'l.iic : it conltfts of ptimicc in a fintly COO)minuted Hate. The quantity thrown out i* fometimes immCnfe- During an ciupii in of iEtna, a (pace 1 f one hundred and fifty miles in circuit W3fl covered with a firatum of thi^ fard twelve feet thick When the Lva fl.-ws freely, the earth¬ quakes and explofums become lefs violent; which proves that tluy were occafi med by the confinement of the erupted matter boih gaf-ous and folid. The frnoke and vapour of volcanoes are highly cle&rical. The long period of repofe which fome- timcs takes place between two eruptions of the fame volcano is particularly re¬ markable. From the building of Rome to the 791I1 year of the Chviftian xra, no mer.tiou is made of Vefuvius, though it j had evidently been in 2 prior ftate of activity, as Hcrculan. um and Pompeii, which were defiroyrd by the eruption of that year, are paved with lava. From the 1 ^th to the 16th century it remained quit t lor nearly four hundred years, and the crater was overgrown with lofty trees. It wasdefcended by Biacchini, an Italian writer, prior to the great eruption of 163 1: the bottom was at that time a vaft plain furroundtd by caverns and grottoes. ^Etna has continued burning fince the time of the poet Pindar, with occafional intervals of tcpofe feldom exceeding thirty or forty years- The eruptions of the Peak of Tenenffc have been very rare during if-* laft two centuries* Aecordforto HumMMr "itv. long intervals of repofe appear to characterise volcanoes highly elevated. StrombuH. which is one of the loweft, is always burning. The eruptions of Ves¬ uvius are rai-.r, but ftdl more frequent than tliofe of iEtna. The coloffal fum- mits of the Andes, Cotopaxi and Tun- gurahua fcarcely have an eruption once in a century. The peak feemed to be extinguished for ninety two years, when it made its laft eruption by a lateral opening in 179*. In this interval Vefuvius had fixtecn eruptions." The grcateft erup¬ tions of lava from JEiml and Vesuvius are always from the fides of thefe mountains ; but thefe lateral eruptions iinifh by an ejection of a flies and flames from the crater at the fnmmit of the mountain. In the peak of Teneriife, this phenomenon has not taken place for ages ; and in the re quelled to fend in their accounts for ad- ju(Intent and payment. Kmgftoo, 27th May, 1819. 26tf PERSONS having Books belonging to the Kingston Library are requeft ed to fend them to the fubferiber, at his houfe, adjoining the Town of Kingfton, and with as little delay as poffible' JOHN FERGUSON. 12th April, 1819. 16 f |^HE fubferibers being duly nomina. JL ted Executors to the lalt Will and Teftament of the late Lawrence Hcrchma', Efqinre, Merchant, requeft all ptrfons in¬ debted to his £ ftate to make immediate payment, and thole having demands again ft the laid eftate to bring them forward with¬ out dcicy. TOHN KIRBY, GEO. H. MARKLAND. Ivh-.-flon, 9th Nov. 1819, 46 Submarine volcanoes arc preceded hy a violent boiling and agitation of the water, and by the difcharge of volumes of gas and vapour, which take fire and roll m fiieeta offl-imeover the furface of the waves. Mafles of rock are darted through the water with great violence, end accumulate till they form new Jllandfc V'onre:imes live crater of t!ie volcano nfefl out of the fea during anernptfon.In r785,0 fubmarrne volcano bioke out near Iceland, which formed a new iHand ; it raged with great fury for feveral months. The ifland afterwards funk, leaving only a reef of rocks. In December 1720 a violent earthquake was felt at Tercera, one of the Azores ; the next morning a new iiland 9 miles in circumference was feen, from the centre of which rofe a column of frnoke : it afterwards funk to ?. level with the iea. A fmall ifland was formed in iSi 1 by a fiibtnarmc volcano st c little d.'ftance from St. Michael's, one of the Azores j it was a mafs of black rock, defcobed by the Captain of the Sabrina fn'gate, who uitnes* fed its formation to be equal in height to the high Tor at Matlock. A gentleman who vifited the Azores in 1813 ir.foims me thai it had funk down and disappeared: there* is now eighty fathom water in the place. Near Santorini, in the Grecian archipe¬ lago, lubmarine volcanoes have repeatedly burft lorth during the laft two Lhoufaudi years, and formed feveral new iflandfs: three ol the ancient eruptions are recotded by Pliny, StrabOj and Seneca. The laft eruption was in the year 1767. It the fea or large lakes have once covered our continents, the greater part of the prcfent and ancient volcanoes were once ftibmarinc. I am informed by Mr. Ltckie that calcareous ftrata with organic remains rtit on beds of volcanic tufa on the wetlern iide of Sicily, ?nd decline towards the fea. This indicates that the volcanic fires in the vicinity of iEma once raged under the ocean. Almoll all the new volcanoes on record have broken out from under the fea. Some volcanoes in Europe and many in the Andes throw out aqueous torrents intermixed with mud and ftones j indeed, the American volcanoes more frequently eject mud than lava. Eruptions of water from iEcna and Vefuvius are rare, and iomc wuich have been defcribed as flowing from the crater of the former, have been merely the torrents of melted water from fuow on its fummit The volcano of Macaluba in Sicily prefenta the phenomena of mud, water, and ftonc8 thrown out of the crater. Fenara defciibes an alarming eruption which took place ou the 29'h of September 1777 : " Dreadful noiles were heard all round ; and from the midft of the plain, in which wa« formed a vaft gulf, a:i immente column df mud arofe to the height of about one hundred feet, which abandoned by the impullive force, a flu red the appearance of a large tree at the top. In the middle, ftone>ofall kinds and fizea wtrc darted violently and vertical^ within - -•/ auu vertical y v/iwuu the body of the column. This terrible er- plofion tailed half an hour, when it became qu;et, but after a few minutes Tefumed it* courle, and with thefe intermifliona con¬ tinued all the day. During the time of this phenomenon a pungent odour of fulphuretted hydrogen gafs was perceived at a great dillance, to the furprifc of the inhabitants, who did not dare to approach this fpot on accMint of the horrible no;fe«. But many came the following day, and found that the new great orifice had ejected feveral ftieamsof liquid chd\k(creta); which had covered, with an afhy cruft of many feet all the furrounding fpace, filling the cavities and chinks. The hard lub- ftances ejefted were iragments of calcareous tufa, of cryftallized gypfutn, pebbles of quartz, and iron pyrites, which had loft their luflre, and were bioken in pieces. All thefe fubftances form the outward circuit at this day. The unpleafant fir ell of fulphur ftill continued, and the water which remained in the hdes was hot for many months, while a keen fmell of burning ifTued from the numerous orifices around the great gulf, which is now com¬ pletely filled." In the Azores there are no lefs than forty-two aftive or dormant volcanoes ; almott all the iflands in the Atlantic, and many in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Seas, are volcanic. A range of active and dormant volcanoes extendi from the fouth- ern extremity of America to the arftic w»;r^>. .Nnm^rrwM-voiixwies eccift >u\ ilx#- land ; and the hot fulphurous exhalations from craters in various parts of Italy prove that their internal fires are not extinguish¬ ed. Of the volcanoes in northern Afra, or the interior of Africa, we have little information, and the volcanoes covered by the fea cannot be cftimaud ;but, from the above ftatement, we are authorized in believing that volcanic fires are more ex» tenfively operative than many geologifts are difpofed to admit. Their fource is deeper under the furface of the earth, and many cfYcumfiances indicate that a con¬ nexion exi(L between volcanoes at a vaft diftance from each other. In 1783, when the fubmarine volcano near Iceland fud- denly ceafed, a volcano broke out two hundred miles dillant, in the interior of the ifland, and at the fame time the great earthquakes took place in Calabria. On the night in which Lima and Callao were deftroyed by an earthquake, four new volcanoes broke out in the Andes. Other inftances of the apparent connexion of earthquakes with diftant volcanoes have been before dated. Were the fource of volcanic fires near the furface, the country in their vicinity would fink down ; and it is impoffible to conceive how the fame volcano could con¬ tinue its eruptions inceflantly for more than two thoufand years, which is the cafe with Stromboli fituated in the Lipari iflands. Fragmenrs of rocks- fuch as lime and gypfura, are thrown out of volcanoes unchanged by lire ; which proves that the fource of heat was deep below the tangeof thefe rocks : they have been merely driven up by the fubtcrranean esplofion, which forced a paflage through them. Frooi the various phenomena which vol¬ canoes prefent, we may ivith probability infer that the internal part of our planet k chiles wholly or part'"all; in an igneou% *