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THE MAKINK RECOFD. £he Marine Record, Pabllatiftl Every Thuradar »t 144 Baparlor Stmt, [Leader Building.] > ' J, i POMEROY. Editor anil Proprietor. TKIlnlS OF SUBSCRITTlONl Ooo year, postsiie paid........'...........................K.0O Biz months, i>o»tigo pirn .................................i-w IavarliblT In adfauco. Subscriptions will be oontlnued Until ordered atop- p«I by a written order, or at tll« publication ofllce" The MABINE RECORD can be foundJor all by the followJnjnOwa dealers.: CI.LVELAND, OHIO—OF Bowman, corner of Pearl and Dotnjlt, atresia. ' CHICAUU, It,L -Joaoph,Oray, No. 9 Weal Randolph atrcol. DUITAIO, N. Y.—C. Itobmor, Mlcblgan itreet Swing Bridge SAttNIA, ONT.-D. M. McMaater 4 Co. EtCANADA, M1CU,-William Uodloy, ■»IA*(I8TEE, MICH —J. K Somerrlllo. Article i, letters and qucrlea on all subjects are solici¬ ted ADVERTISING RATES. Ten contl per line, nonpareil measurement, or $1.20 |tar inch, each Insortlon; four weelu>| 00, with a liberal discount on orders amounting to S40.00 or over All chocks and drafts should be drawn to til* order of A A. Poraeroy. ' Entered at the Post Office at Oleroland as second- class mall matter, CLEVELAND. OUIO, TIIUB8DAY, JULY 2<. 1884. BILLS OF LADING. The subject of bills of lulling seems to be attracting u good deal of attention just now. Experience Is fast proclaiming the need of new regulations in this matter, particularly so faralocean truffle Is concerned. When the carrier takes a careq, or. a cortuln num¬ ber, of packages, Into his keeping for the purpose of trtinsportlng them to a. given point ho Is, to a certain degree, bound to de¬ liver such cargo or packages In like condi¬ tion us when he took charge, of them. If the goods are peilshable and the time ol voyage Is altogether too long, neither the shipper nor thecariler thinks of taking that method ot transportation. The risk is too great and some other means is employed. Jlnt, all reasonable contingencies considered, the freight being imperishable, water being available and the ship believed to be staunch, tho two come logelhei upon something like equal term*. The 6hlj>pei reposes a certain atnquiit ot confidence In'the carrier, and the • latter makes himself wortliy-ol it. The fact. ' that he lakes the goods and receives pay for transportation Implies that he is, ton certain extent, responsible. The responsibility can not rest « holly on one side. Let this idea become prevalent and where would the car¬ rier stand In the course of time with the shipping public 1 But shippers, by the con¬ ditions of their DlllBof hilling, arc constantly widening the degree of tlie 11 responsibility, and as constantly narrowing the degree of public confidence In their integrity. An article published In our last Issue calls a case in point where the bill contained a clause that "no damage that can be Insured against will be paid for." That certainly touches tho limit, both of moral liability and egregious folly. Luckily foi the umler, the courts are taking a fur different view of the question ol liability in almost every case that Is brought before them on evasions of this sort. Such a clause is held to be ob¬ noxious to public policy, and therefore void. The court also declared that "If a carrier would refuse to carry unless promises were made to him that he shall not bo charged with any miscarriage, that promise is void." We Bay It la lucky for the carrier that such decisions are made, and they can see that it Is so with half an eye. If the conns should hold these bills of lading as valid contractsJcountry. Hn found a sack lying by the road Id law It would speedily relieve the carriers YRhv_jippareiitly abandoned. Having the of a great deal ot business they now get de¬ spite the offish attitude they uow asstime toward the shipper. We suspect they are as well aware ol this as we aie and merely take this mothod of thiowliig all claims loi dam¬ ages Into tho courts, thinking that the many small Olaims which they thus avoid entirely will put money enough Into their purses to liquidate those for which they are prosecutt ed and leave a profit beside. This Is bad policy, howevei, and one which will eventu¬ ally', work injtii} to' those ptacticlng It. What carriers'should, more than anything •lac, a,trlvo to do, Is to put themselves Into tho conlldonoo and goodfollowshlp of those for whom lltoy desire to transact business. This Is In accordance with business Axioms, and should hold good with carriers, unless there IS an exemption clause In their fayor hidden away somewhere, ------------ ■ ■ i i k— SPEED OF OCEAN STEAMERS. Many of those people who have read of tho quick trips of ocean stoaraora, and have bceH^confldontly oxpcqtlng to aoe the time reduced, will be somowhat astonished to learn trait the quick tlmo was inado by an extraordinary consumption of fuel. It Is said that the steamer Oregon, In averaging a little less than eighteen knots an hour burned 337 tons of coal per day. The Ail ran In, whose speed was a little less than seventeen knots per hour, burned 240 tons per day. This naturally creates the Impression that It was tho ninety-seven extra tons of coal con¬ sumed that made It possible for the Oregon to attain this one knot per hour over the Aurania, especially when we remember that there has been no great Improvement In machinery for some years past. Only the compound marine euglno makes the present high rate of speed possible. Older steamers, like the Persia and Arabia used to burn 250 tons per day in making twelve or thlrtten .*iknots per hour, but since their time the niaclilueiy above mentioned has enabled this rate of speed at one-tenth the consumption. When steamers are pushed above this rale, however, as the above figures prove quite conclusively, the coal must suffer for It. The above facts also show that until some radical change In fuel or its consumption is brought about there will be little further Increase In speed attained. To make a trlpoccupylug six days at the rate of eighteen knots per hour, over two thousand tons of coal must be carried, whlohjtb say nothing of the cost of coal takes upfaPtoo-tafge a Bhare of the capacity of the vessel to make such speed profitable. One of these days a method ol exti acl lug the heating principles from' coal, condensing t Into smaller space and making It possible to'leave the Immense bulk on shore and save space and stoking, will be discovered, and possibly tho Impiovement in machinery'will keep pace with the more econdnileal.fucl, but itinll that time no need not reasonably look for greater speed except at greater expense. SALVAGE. A new feature is about to be put on the question ol salvage, a decision of Judge Blown of Detroit being cited as a precedent, in a case of S. B. Qrummond against the miister of'a vessel who recovered a part of a deck load of shingles, wherein Judge Brown decided that the master of a vessel could leave her whole cargo In the lake if he so desired and nobody had any right to touch it under any circumstances, nor to claim pay for recovcrli.g It unless theie was first a contract in which pay had been stipulated. The question In point Is brought ugalnst a Chicago saloon keeper, who was arrested on tl o charge of stealing lumber from the schooner Ilaulet Ross, but who, In his de¬ fense, claims that he had picked It out of the river where It had been lost by the thumping ol the vessel against the dock; he will also claim that he had a right to store It and hold it for salvage. Under the decision cited above any vussel master lays hlinsel/ liable to line and punishment for larceny under state laws, unless he advertises the fact that he is In possession of scch properly. We therefore advise vessel masters lo religiously avoid taking charge of any proporty they find floating In tho lakes, as It is likely to give them trouble to recover and still more to utilize. The question brings to mind a, :ase of u traveler passing through the Berber touted In that right by the laws of tbe country by the punishment of any one who touched siicli property. The curious traveler, wholntondod to do a good aet, sufTeied the penalty of having his right hand cut off, for violating this law of-the Borber. - m m In view of recent experience regarding explorations looking toward the dlioovery of An open polar sea and the mysteries of the north pole, we are prepared to advance the theory that, In case of another attempt being made by the government, It sends out a relief expedition instead of an explor¬ ing expedition. It will then have tho satis-' 'structure consists of a smallI pier, surmount! faction of feeling Hint the expedition will return wlihouttho sacrifice of life and loss ot labor that has heretofore attended these exploring parties. An account of the last venture will be luiind In another col¬ umn, and when It Is asked What has been gained by the Greely and former expedi¬ tions no better answer can be given than the following expression'of Lieutenant Maury, who wont out with tho fomou« Qrlnncll ex¬ pedition. He said; "Voyages of dlscovory, with their fasclna tlons'iind their charms, have led many a no. bio champion both into the torrid and frigid /ones j and notwithstanding the-hardship*, sufferings, and disasters to which northern parries have found theinselves-cxposed, sea- taring men, as science has advanced, have looked with deeper and deeper longings toward the mystlo circles of the polar le¬ gions. There Icebergs are franjed and gla¬ ciers launched. There the tides have their cradle; the whales their nursdry. There tho winds complete their circuits and .the cur¬ rents of the sea their round In the wonder¬ ful system of oceanic circulation. There the aurora borealis Is lighted up, and the trem¬ bling needle brought to rest; and there, too, In the mazes ot that mystic circle, terrestrial lorces of occult power and of vast Influence upon the noil being of man are continually at play. Within the arctic circle Is the pole of the winds and the poles of the cold, the pole ef the earth and ot the magnet. It is n circle of mysteries; and tho desire to enter It, to explore Its untrodden wastes and secret chambers, and to study Its physical aspects, has grown into a longing. Noble daring has made Arctic Ice and water classic ground. It Is no feverish excitement nor vain ambi¬ tion that leads men there. It Is a higher feeling, a holier motive—a'desfre co look In¬ to the works of oieation, to comprehend the economy of our planet, and to grow wiser and better by the knowledge." the crew. The Jaw abolishing the tax wont Into ofTeot July lit, and nil collections midg after tha,t time will not be received by col¬ lectors of oustoms, ■ m —— A beaoon light erected by the government of Canada In Colllngwood harbor, on Qeor glan Bay, In tho North Riding ol Sltncoe" Ont., was put In operation on the opening of navigation this year. Lat. N. 44 degrees ,10 minutes, 40 seconds; long. W. B0 degrees' 12 minutes, 45 seconds. Tho light Is fixed red dioptric, elevated twenty-three foot above water, and should bo visible from all points of approach. It is only required to show within the limits of the harbor. The temerity to open It he discovered that It wus filled with feathers. He reached the capltol and lepoiled the fact to the authorities, after which he was summoned before the chief and questioned in regard to his find, being asked among other questions, how ho knew that the sack contained feathers. He i opinio1 that he had opened tho bag and had seen them. The chief said that It was a law of the country that iny Inhabitant thereof hall tho right to leave any of their propelty by the wayside and the.coiitidei.ee that they would be pa- Tnu developments of the proposed con¬ vention of lumber men in Chicago In Aug ustVlll be watched with Interest by owners and masters of luniher carriers, and in fact, carriers of all descriptions, as they will ad¬ vocate shutting down the mills after Sep¬ tember 1st, and evefy eilort Should, In the meantime, be made to counteract the influ¬ ence that this meeting will be likely to have on that Industiy, njth the, Ostensible end only ot bulling the market. Should this purposed action prevail It would practically lay out of business one-hall of tho entire fleet of tho lakes, and throw out of employ, ment hundreds of men depending upon the enormous lumber traded)! the lakes for a livelihood. od by a shed painted white, and a mast on which the lantern Is hoisted. It stands on the starboard side of theourved, dredged channel, at Its most southwesterly point, the light being. Intenced to show the dredged ' channel at nlgnt. A light has been erected by the govern- ' ment of Canada, on tho Lime Kiln Bant, on the north s.Ulo of the Miramlchl river, below the town of Newcastle.ln tho oounty of North¬ umberland, New Brunswick, and the light was put In operation on (lie 1st Instant. Lot. N. 47degreep, 45 soconds; long. W.65 6V Sreos, 33 minutes, 40 seconds. The'Ilght will e fixed red dioptric, elevated elghty-sovon' foot above high water mark, and should be vlslble'nino miles. The building Is a square . wooden tower, twenty-three feet high from ground to top of roof, painted white with red roof. TO the. WHITE MOUNTAINS .SEASHORE. AND A series of IJjree grand exeurslons via the Bee Line, C," C, C. A, I. railway, July 20th and August 13th, to Niagara Falls down the beautiful St. Lawrence river, and taking In nil principal points of Interest In the mountain regions at the lowest rates, For particulars ask ticket agents of C, (J., C. & I. Ry., or D. U. B. R. [Duluth*-Continued from lit Page.] It Is thought that the present whole¬ sale shipping of grulinit low rates will bring about a stagnation In the carrying trade dur¬ ing the early fall months. The present con¬ dition of the lumber and coarse freight mar¬ kets makes It possible for Rriiln, coal and ore shippers to set theli own prices for carrying. Although July Is generally a dull month for these branches of trade, we can not see that they will Improve much In August or September. The fact that the passage of the Dingley shipping bill, which removes many of tho annoying and apparently need¬ less charges against voBsol property, Is the one bright spot on tho mariner's horizon. An Ottawa dispatch says: "The Mayor of Ogdensburg, N. Y., and Alderman Hall had an Interview with the commissioner of customs regarding tonnage dues on Canadi¬ an vessels entering tho United States, wliloh the recent bill passed In Congress decided to revoke. Tlio deputation wanted to know what autlon the government would tako re¬ garding tho matter. The commissioner ex¬ plained that American vessels are admitted free, and the Washington government would be olllelnlly nodded of the fact." We wlsli to call the attention of vessel masters to the fact that they aro no longer held lor the hospital tax, as we tindeistiiud that some are still uiaClug collections from supplies, etc. The Chamber of Commerce qommltoe'havliig in charge the matter of range lights for our harbor, met the chief of the lighthouse board for this district, who was aboard) and presented the necessity for such Improvement. Wheat rates from Duluth to Buffalo are 3 cents. The Chamber of Commerce, -of Duluth, havingliad several meetlugs In favor of the harbor, varied the monotony by having one In favor of tho contractors. Hut they all amounted to the same thing, viz., that the bottom of the dredged area in our harbor should have a clean level of at least sixteen feet, and that much more than enough money has beon appropi luted to have se¬ cured this depth. It is probable that In¬ vestigations will follow. Your coi respond¬ ent does not see how It can be uvglded. B. SAUG.ATUCK. Special to tho Marine itrcorif The side wheel steamer Alice Purdy.runs between Saugatuck and Richmond with the mails and passengers, James Elliott, shipbuilder, Is building a handsome steambargo for Captain R. C. Brit- tain, ot the following dimensions: Length over all 112 feel, keel' 100 feet, beam 23 feet, depth of hold S feet 0 Inches, her engine 14x20, will be built by H. Bloccker, Grand llavonand.the bollei 10 feet long 0 feet shell by Johnson Bros., Ferrysburg. James Elliott has lebullt the tug Con¬ stitution, formerly of Chicago, and made her nearly as good as new; she is for sale. Jolyi 1'rlest, slilpsmlth, does all kind of shlpsmlth Including tillers, anchors, oables and ironing. Ho supplied the tiller for S. Moore new steam yacht and the Ironing for J. Martel's new tug. O. R. Johnson & Company's, lumber saw¬ mill keeps running steadily. Captain J. B. Martel, has just completed for Captain Sam Morris of Chicago, a steam yacht 74 feet over all, 14 feet 5 Inches beam, 0 foot depth of hold, she Is built of oak from the keel to tho rail and fastened throughout with galvanized Iron spikes. She will be launched soon. He Is also building a very tine tug 84 feet over all, 17 feet 8Jiio|ies beam, 0 feet 0 Inches depth of hold, keel 0x0, frames 4 Inches double and 21 Inches fiom center, planking 3 inches, maiubeatn 12x12, other beams 10x10, she is being built of tho very best mateilal and will be of sufficient capacity to carry a 22x24, engine. She Is as near as possible the samo model as tho John Goidon, built by him for Geo. Oilman, of Chicago, earlv In the spring. J. II. M. will bet $100 that the new tug be Is building will beat the John Ooidon In a 3 mile race as badly as the latter bent the tug .0. It. Ureeu. u shoil timu since. Site is for sale lo the highest bldtlei.